Python’s syntax is designed to be readable and straightforward, which makes it beginner-friendly. Javas syntax is littered with curly brackets and semi-colons - it has a steeper learning curve.
Java generally runs more quickly than Python, as it is a compiled language and Python is an interpreted language. However, for many applications, the speed difference is negligible.
Python offers a more simple structure suited to data analysis, machine learning, and scripting. Java is often chosen for building large, complex, and long-living enterprise systems.
Java objects use more memory than Python objects. This is due to Java using four times the memory capacity to store numbers compared to Python.
Python is famously easy to read, thanks to less syntactical constructions. Javas readability is hindered by its requirement for semi-colons and curly braces.
Both Python and Java are equipped with capabilities for cross-platform compatibility, and both support Linux, Windows, and Mac Os. However, Java has a slight edge due to its write once, run anywhere principle.